Punnett Square Calculator
Category: BiologyPunnett Square Calculator: Choose parental genotypes to view offspring ratios
A - Dominant allele
a - Recessive allele
Mum’s genotype
Dad’s genotype
Chance for AA
Chance for Aa
Chance for aa
Punnett Square
| ♂ \ ♀ | A | A |
|---|---|---|
| A | AA | AA |
| A | AA | AA |
If you need 2 traits and 4 alleles, search for the larger, dihybrid cross Punnett Square calculator.
Genotype to phenotype
| Genotype | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| AA | A |
| Aa | A |
| aa | a |
Probability of a genotype: \( P = \frac{\text{number of occurrences of genotype}}{\text{total offspring combinations}} \times 100 \)
What is a Punnett Square?
A Punnett Square is a straightforward diagram used to predict the genetic makeup of offspring based on the genes of the parents. It helps to visualise the probability of different genetic combinations occurring in the next generation.
How to Use the Punnett Square Calculator
This calculator makes it easier to determine offspring genotypes and their likelihood. Just follow these steps:
- Select the genotype of the mother (AA, Aa, or aa).
- Select the genotype of the father (AA, Aa, or aa).
- Click the Calculate button to get the results.
- Check the probability of different genotypes appearing in the offspring.
- The Punnett Square table will update to show all possible combinations.
Understanding the Results
Once you click Calculate, the tool will show:
- The percentage chance of each possible genotype (AA, Aa, aa).
- A visual representation of the Punnett Square.
- A table that links genotypes to their phenotypic traits.
Why is This Useful?
This tool is useful for anyone studying genetics, breeding patterns, or hereditary traits. It can be used to:
- Predict hereditary conditions in offspring.
- Understand dominant and recessive gene inheritance.
- Support biology and genetics education.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What do AA, Aa, and aa mean?
These represent different genetic combinations:
- AA - Homozygous dominant
- Aa - Heterozygous (one dominant and one recessive allele)
- aa - Homozygous recessive
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype refers to the genetic makeup (AA, Aa, or aa), while phenotype is the observable trait (e.g., dominant or recessive characteristic).
Can this calculator handle multiple traits?
This tool focuses on single-trait inheritance. For more complex calculations, a dihybrid Punnett Square calculator is required.
What if both parents are heterozygous (Aa)?
In this scenario, there is a 25% chance of AA, 50% chance of Aa, and 25% chance of aa.
Final Thoughts
The Punnett Square Calculator is a user-friendly tool for understanding genetic inheritance. By selecting parental genotypes, users can quickly determine offspring probabilities, making it a valuable educational resource.